Calling for the Right of Transgender Lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender (LGBT) people in Vietnam may face legal challenges not experienced by non- LGBT residents. From 2000, both male and female same-sex sexual activity are legal and are believed to never have been criminalized in vietnamese history. [ 1 ] however, same-sex couples and households headed by same-sex couples are ineligible for the legal protections available to opposite-sex couples. No anti-discrimination protections exist for LGBT people. On November 24, 2015, the justly to change gender was officially legalized in Vietnam after the 2015 Amendment Civil law allowing for sex change was approved by the National Assembly. [ 2 ] Vietnam ‘s first gay pride parade peacefully took station in Hanoi on 5 August 2012. In 2017, pride parades were held in around 35 other cities and provinces. [ 3 ] [ 4 ]
Reading: LGBT rights in Vietnam – Wikipedia
In November 2016, Vietnam, South Korea, Japan, the Philippines, Israel, Thailand, East Timor, Nepal, Georgia, Turkey, Sri Lanka and Mongolia were the entirely asian countries in the United Nations to vote in prefer of the appointment of an mugwump technical to raise awareness of the discrimination faced by the LGBT community and to find ways to properly protect them. [ 5 ] The creation of the raw post was being protested against by the African Group. [ 6 ]
history [edit ]
While the majority of vietnamese historical accounts up to the modern era are concerned with the patriarchal ideas of Confucianism, the presence of homosexual activities in Vietnam has been recorded for a long prison term. A auxiliary text to the 15th-century Code of Hồng Đức mentioned the trial of two women who lived in the same theater and had arouse with one another while the husband of one of the women was away. [ 7 ] however, there was no mention of their intimate act during the trial, and they were only charged with adultery. This absence of criticism agrees with the impression of many historians that same-sex intimate acts have never been criminalized in Vietnam, not tied in the stream Criminal Code. [ 8 ] The Penal Code indicates that the age of accept is 16 years careless of sex or sexual predilection. [ 9 ] [ 10 ]
recognition of same-sex relationships [edit ]
In July 2012, the Minister of Justice announced that the Government of Vietnam had started a reference on whether to legalize same-sex marriage. [ 11 ] In June 2013, the Ministry of Justice submitted a bill that would remove the ban on same-sex marriage from the Law on Marriage and Family ( vietnamese : Luật Hôn nhân và Gia đình ) and provide some rights to cohabiting same-sex couples. [ 12 ] The National Assembly debated it in October 2013. [ 13 ] On 24 September 2013, the Government issued a decree abolishing the fines on same-sex marriages. [ 14 ] [ 15 ] The decree took effect on 11 November 2013. [ 16 ] [ 17 ] [ 18 ] In November 2013, the National Assembly approved a newly fundamental law. Article 64 was repealed and replaced by article 36 which reads : “ man and women have the mighty to marry and divorce. marriage must adhere to the principles of voluntariness, progressiveness, monogamy, equality and reciprocal esteem between conserve and wife ”. [ 19 ] [ 15 ] [ 20 ] On 27 May 2014, the National Assembly ‘s Committee for Social Affairs removed provisions giving legal status and some rights to cohabiting same-sex couples from the placard submitted by the Ministry of Justice. [ 21 ] [ 22 ] The placard was approved by the National Assembly on 19 June 2014, [ 23 ] [ 24 ] and took effect on 1 January 2015. It states that while Vietnam allows emblematic same-sex weddings, same-sex couples are neither recognized nor protected under the police. It does not allow same-sex partnership either, although the issue has been unfold for discussion during many house meetings. [ 25 ] [ 26 ] Although Vietnam abolished its ban on same-sex marriage, the law has a very limited effect in practice. If not recognized by the state of matter, such marriages will not be protected by law for matters such as personal and place rights. [ 27 ] Jamie Gillen, a National University of Singapore sociology research worker, stated that Vietnam ‘s relaxation of position contrasts with Vietnam ‘s neighbors such as Singapore. It is estimated that such relax policies will attract tourism gross as Vietnam attempts to promote themselves as a kind and friendly company. [ 28 ]
Transgender rights [edit ]
Participants at Viet Pride 2016 In 2017, the Ministry of Health estimated that Vietnam ‘s transgender population was at 270,000-300,000 people. In March 2019, a survey conducted by local transgender associations found there were about 500,000 transgender people in the nation. [ 29 ] A 2018 study revealed that 67.5 % of surveyed transgender people suffered psychological issues and that around 60 % had attempted suicide, 23 % of were “ forced to have sexual activity with others ”, 16 % had suffered sexual violence, and 83 % had experienced humiliation. [ 30 ] [ 31 ] On November 24, 2015, Vietnam passed a landmark police by a vote of 282–84, enshrining rights for transgender people in a move, advocacy groups say, paves the means for sex reassignment operating room. [ 32 ] such operations were previously illegal, forcing people to travel to nearby Thailand for the operating room. The legislation allows those who have undergone sex reassignment to register under their preferable sex. [ 33 ] The jurisprudence went into effect in January 2017. [ 34 ] however, for that law to be in full enforced, a far circular needs to be passed. This placard covers the requirements for gender change applicants and the requirements for those performing it. [ 35 ] [ 36 ] In November 2018, speaking at a transgender rights consequence, the Việt Nam Union of Science and Technology Associations and Nguyễn Huy Quang, question of the Department of Legislation at the Ministry of Health, announced that the National Assembly is expected to discuss the beak in 2020. [ 31 ] [ 37 ] [ 38 ]
military service [edit ]
In Vietnam, one can serve in the Armed Forces regardless of one ‘s intimate orientation. military service is voluntary for both men and women from the age of 18. [ 39 ]
LGBT is being accepted short by little in Vietnam
public opinion [edit ]
In 2001, a survey found that 82 % of vietnamese believed homosexuality “ is never acceptable ”. [ 40 ] In 2007, Ho Chi Minh City Pedagogical University conducted a poll of 300 pupils at three junior high and gamey schools and discovered that 80 % of pupils answered “ no ” when asked, “ Is homosexuality bad ? ” [ 41 ] A March 2014 poll indicated that 33.7 % of vietnamese supported same-sex marriage, whereas 53 % were opposed. [ 42 ]
An on-line survey carried out in December 2016 found that 45 % of respondents supported the legalization of same-sex marriage, while 25 % opposed it and 30 % answering “ do n’t know ”. [ 43 ]
Living conditions [edit ]
Participants at the 2014 Viet Pride parade In 2000, crime journalist Bui Anh Tan ‘s fresh A World Without Women ( Một Thế Giới Không Có Đàn Bà ) was the first gear fabricated vietnamese book to deal extensively with homosexual people. In 2007, the report was turned into a television series. [ 44 ] In 2002, the government-run media declared homosexuality to be a “ social evil “ comparable to prostitution, gambling and illegal drug use and promised that legislation would be forthcoming to allow the government to combat homosexuality and arrest same-sex couples. [ 45 ] Publications such as Thế Giới Phụ Nữ and Tiếp thị & Gia đình address of homosexuality as a disease and “ aberrant behavior that is antagonistic with the full morals and time-honored customs of Vietnam. ” [ 46 ] In November 2002, the Communist Youth Newspaper carried a fib about homosexuality that stated “ some people are born gay, just as some people are born left-handed ”. [ 47 ] In 2009, Pham Le Quynh Tram became the first transgender woman to be legally recognized by vietnamese authorities as a charwoman. [ 48 ] [ 49 ] As such, she was allowed to redefine her sexual activity from male to female and to legally change her mention to Pham Le Quynh Tram. [ 48 ] [ 49 ] however, according to a report from the Huffington Post, her official recognition was apparently withdrawn in former January 2013. [ 50 ] In September 2010, Tuoi Tre Online, the internet version of the Tuoi Tre newspaper, published a letter from an 18-year-old reader describing his arduous prison term dealing with class after they found out he was homosexual. The letter received hundreds of supportive responses from other readers that led the web site to conclude it with an interview with Dr. Huynh Van Son, Dean of Psychology, at the Ho Chi Minh City Pedagogical University. For the first time, a major state media agreed that “ homosexuality is normal ”. [ 51 ] On 29 November, the first foreign same-sex marriage was held in Hanoi between a japanese and an irish national. The marry raised much attention in the gay and lesbian community in Vietnam. [ 52 ] Another ceremony same-sex marry between two vietnamese citizens, Quốc Khánh and Thành Lợi, was held in Haiphong in northerly Vietnam in June 2018. [ 53 ] On 5 August 2012, Vietnam ‘s foremost cheery pride parade took place in Hanoi, with participants expressing support for equal marriage rights for LGBT individuals. [ 54 ] In 2013, vietnamese filmer Dang Khoa, produced a situation comedy entitled My Best Gay Friends. The serial is published on YouTube as vietnamese broadcasters were loath to air the episodes. Khoa wanted to create the read to debunk the caricature stereotypes of homosexuality. [ 55 ] Madam Phung’s Last Journey ( 2014 ) is a documentary film about a transgender band directed by Tham Nguyen Thi. [ 56 ] [ 57 ] Another movie is Finding Phong ( 2017 ), directed by Tran Phuong Thao and Swann Dubus. [ 58 ] [ 59 ] A 2015 study revealed that around 44 % of vietnamese LGBT students aged 14–22 confront stigma, discrimination and violence because of their identities. Another 2015 sketch conducted by UNESCO found that 19 % of students perceived bullying against LGBT students as “ harmless ”. 70 % of Hanoi parents said they would not allow their children to talk to gay students, and some believed that conversion therapy could help “ cure ” LGBT children. [ 60 ] A 2014 USAID composition showed that 54 % of LGBT students said their school was not safe, with many dropping out. Of those who experienced ferocity, one third base said they thought about committing suicide, with half of those attempting it. 85 % of transgender students stated they dropped out because of attack and bullying. [ 61 ] former american Ambassador to Vietnam, Ted Osius, was openly gay and known for his documentation of LGBT rights in Vietnam, and attended several pride events with his husband. [ 62 ] From 18 September 2017 to 24 September 2017, Vietnam ‘s Hanoi Pride took invest for a fifth back-to-back class. The consequence hosted thousands of people, compared to lone about a hundred at the foremost pride parade. [ 63 ] Irish drag fagot Panti Bliss attended the consequence. [ 64 ] The sixth Hanoi Pride took place in November 2018, and saw the participation of more than a 1,000 people. The parade uniquely involves supporters and participants peddling on their bikes to campaign for transgender rights and same-sex marriage in the area. [ 65 ] [ 66 ] Over 35 similar events are held each class throughout Vietnam, including in the cities of Haiphong, Thanh Hóa, Da Nang, Qui Nhơn, Nha Trang, Vũng Tàu, Ho Chi Minh City and Cần Thơ. The events were aired by respective vietnamese television channels, namely VTV4, VTV6 and VTV9. [ 67 ] [ 68 ]
In 2006, the Government enacted legislation to protect citizens infected with HIV and people living with AIDS from discrimination, and health care is provided free to all vietnamese citizens. [ 69 ]
Summary board [edit ]
| Same-sex sexual activity legal | 
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| Equal age of consent |
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| Anti-discrimination laws in employment only | 
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| Anti-discrimination laws in the provision of goods and services | / (For transgender people).
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| Anti-discrimination laws in all other areas (incl. indirect discrimination, hate speech) |
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| Same-sex marriage |
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| Recognition of same-sex couples |
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| Adoption for single people regardless of sexual orientation |
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| Stepchild adoption by same-sex couples |
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| Joint adoption by same-sex couples |
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| Gay, lesbian and bisexual people allowed to serve openly in the military |
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| Right to change legal gender | [70][71]
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| Right to have gender-reassignment surgery | (Since 2017).[70]
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| Access to IVF for lesbians |
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| Commercial surrogacy for gay male couples | (Explicit ban regardless of sexual orientation).
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| MSMs allowed to donate blood |
|